Material  Control
Pegging[1]
Projected Available Balance[2]
Scrap Quantity[3]
Scrap Percentage (shrinkage factor)[4]
Component Scrap (scrap factor)[5]
New Product Introduction Management[6]
Rescheduling Management[7]
Order Point System[8]
Joint Replenishment Systems [9]
MRP                                                                Material Requirements Planning(MRP)[10]
Kanban                                                                      In general, kanban is a production control system for repetitively used components. It is a replenishment system, but one that only allows material to be moved or manufactured when actually needed.
How Much to Order
Lot For Lot                                                Lot for lot is defined as a lot-sizing technique which generates planned orders in quantities in each period[11]
Period Order Quantity                                       Period order quantity is defined as a lot-sizing technique under which the lot size is equal to the net requirements for a given number of periods.  This method is often used in conjunction with the ABC classification for the purchasing of raw materials. Blanket rules are determined for A's, B's, or C's. For example. A's order 4 weeks supply. B's order 10 weeks supply, C's order 6 month supply
Order Modifiers                                                 The order modifires are used to convert the order into practical quantities for ordering purposes. There are three modifiers most packages provide.                                                             * MinimumOrder Quantity                                  * Maximum Order Quantity                                *Multiple Order Quantity                                    The order quantity is rounded up to the nearest multible of the quantity entered into the system. This is required to plan order quantities which are practical when products are supplied in fixed pack sizes.
[1]
Enas refaat:
APICS defines pegging as - in MRP and MPS, the capability to identify for a given item the sources of its gross requirements and/or allocations.  Pegging can be thought of as active where used information.
[2]
Enas refaat:
The projected available balance is a calculation of what the stock on hand will be at the end of future periods if the assumptions made are met.  The assumptions made are that stock will be received in the correct quantity on the exact date and the isssues will be as anticipated.
[3]
Enas refaat:
This is a scrap allowance made to cover set up scrap, which is entered as a quantity in an item master field.  The concept is that  each time you make a quantity, a certin amount of the product is wasted during the set-up process.  The quantity is not related to the order size but is once per order. Typical cases of this are in the printing industry where they need to ensure the colors are the right shade so they will print a small amount   and then check , rectify and print some more and eventually when they are satisfied, they can then start the actual poduction run.  They need to plan for the material which is used during this process.
[4]
Enas refaat:
This is entered in the item master as a percentage.  The concept is that a certain percentage of this item is always scrapped during the manufacturing process.  Thus additional quantities of its material will be needed to cover that being scraped during the manufacturing process either the order quantity or the gross requirement is inflated by the scrap percentage.
[5]
Enas refaat:
This type of scrap allowance is where one part is found to be scraped more when used on one particular type of assembly than other.  Thus it needs to be identified on the bill of material product structure record as a perentage.  This way the requirement is inflated only by the percentage needed depending upon where it is to be used
[6]
Enas refaat:
When new products are being developed it is important that the launch is well coordinated. Too often the schedule launch date has to be revised due to the development project running late.  If marketing are not in regular contact with developemnent and manufacturing, they could well organize the launch with the special advertising before product is even available.  To prevent this the project and launch should be an item on the agenda at the sales and operations planning meeting   
[7]
Enas refaat:
As a principle the MPS must be kept as firm as possible, and every effort must be made to avoid rescheduling the MPS.  We have just looked at bottom - up replanning as one technique open to us, another one is the idea of order squeezing as it is sometimes called. It is the process of closing up the operations on a manufacturing order in an effort to meet the completion date even though the order will be started lated.
[8]
Enas refaat:
With the order point system the record cards or computer records are reviewed each time an issue is recorded and an order is placed when the predetermined order point is reached.  The order point is calculated as forecast demand during lead time plus safty stock.  the order quantity is a predetermined quantity and may be calculated using the EOQ
[9]
Enas refaat:
joint replenishement is defined as : coordinating the lot sizing and order release decision for related items and treating them as a family of items.  The objective is to achive lower costs due to ordering, set-up, shipping, and quantity discount economics. 
[10]
Enas refaat:
MRP logic follows a series of questions.  MRP starts with the MPS orders and then checks stock to see if sufficient are available.  If the answer is yes, it says fine and ges on to the next item.  If the answer is no, it then asks is sufficient on order?. Again there are two choices. If the answer is no, it then says "we must plan an order to be received so we don't run out" but if the answer is yes, it then says "Is the order that is coming arriving at the correct time ?"      
[11]
Enas refaat:
That means that whatever quantity is required is the quantity orderd.
One must be very careful when using this method that it is fully appreciated that the time periods are normally one day in an ordering system.  If you have a requirement each day for a quantity of two, using this method without any other factors beig involved.  It will order two for each day as separate orders.  Common practice is that modifiers are used for "lot for lot"  whereby you group together differednt periods of time, or a factor for minimum, maximum, or multible quantity is aplied.