Warehousing
Inventory Receiving, Movement, and Storage [1]
Receipts from Suppliers[2]
Limited Access Storage[3]
Dedicated Storage[4]
Random Storage[5]
Zone Storage[6]
Point of Use Storage[7]
Kit Issues / Picking Lists[8]
Backflushing[9]
Floor stock[10]
Distribution Warehous Requirements planning & Control[11]
Raw Materials [12]
Component Parts [13]
Semi-finished Goods[14]
Finished Goods[15]
Distribution Inventory [16]
Order Point System[17]
Joint Replenishment Systems [18]
MRP                                                                Material Requirements Planning(MRP)[19]
Kanban                                                                      In general, kanban is a production control system for repetitively used components. It is a replenishment system, but one that only allows material to be moved or manufactured when actually needed.
Bar Coding[20]
ABC Analysis[21]
Cycle Counting [22]
Excess and Obsolete Stock[23]
[1]
Enas refaat:
This topic covers a wide range of methods and concepts used to manage the material flow into a manufacturing work center.
[2]
Enas refaat:
Our supplier deliver product either to go into stock, or to be delivered direct to the work place. 
[3]
Enas refaat:
This is as the name implies.  A secure area with formal control of material movement.  This is the more common approach especially if kits are prepared.  The extra cost is counteracted by the fact that the material is better controlled and thus the production area has a better work flow.  For good record accuracy or where valuable or highly marketable stock is handled , limited access storage is recommended.  
[4]
Enas refaat:
Most storemen dream of having this systenm but never have sufficient space to implement it. Each part has one permenant location which should be large enough to contain the maximum stock holding.
[5]
Enas refaat:
This is the most efficient way of using available space but does demand a well maintained location system.  As one part is stored in several locations, deciplines are needed to ensure the stock is used in the correct sequence.  The storemen tend to go to  the location where sufficient is stored to cover the quantity to be issued. 
[6]
ghannam:
The store is divided into zones with random storage within each zone
[7]
Enas refaat:
Storage facilities are provided on the shop floor adjacent to where the material is used.  The material is delivered from the store, incoming inspection or from the supplier direct to this point.  This system is often used for supplying an assembly line.   
[8]
ghannam:
A list of items needed for a manufacturing order /batch
[9]
Enas refaat:
This concept came about to simplify the issue transactions when the manufactring lead time is short and to overcome the shortcomings of the bulk issue system.
[10]
Enas refaat:
APIC S defines floor stock as stocks of inexpensive production parts held in the factory from which production workers can draw without requisitions. A second meaning to this term is one used in many software packages and is a second inventory balance located on the shop floor.  This is either held as one balance for all the shops or as one per work center. it is also known as "Line Side Bin Stock"
[11]
Enas refaat:
Many organzations have a main plant whish manufacturs the product but then sell it throughout the country, through a distribution network.  The concept is that there is a main warehouse at the factory or at a central location. Shipments are then made to distribution centers situated in different parts of the country, normally owned by the company.  
[12]
Enas refaat:
APICS defines raw material as purchased items or extracted materials that are converted via the manufacturing process into components and/or products. This is a fine difference between raw materials and components.  The key to this difference is that raw material is limited to being converted via the manufacturing process, whereas components "go" into a higher level.  A raw materila is a component, but a component is not necessarily a raw material.   When we consider the term component in respect of bills of material, a component can be a major sub-assembly used on an end item.
[13]
Enas refaat:
A component is defined by APICS as a raw material, ingredient, part or sub-assembly that goes into a higher level assembly, compound, or other item.  This term may also include packaging materials for finished items.  As a component is used in a higher level,  it tells us that a component is a dependent demand item, so the demand for it can be calculated.   This makes a component suitable to be controlled by MRP using the bill of material explosion logic.   
[14]
Enas refaat:
These are defined as products that have been stored uncompleted awainting final operations that adapt them to different uses or customer specifications.
This includes lower level manufactured parts that will be used in the next level of assembly, sub assemblies and major assemblies that will go into the final product.  Usually these items are not committed to a particular assembly or order, but are made to satisfy a gross requirement for this part nubmer.  They are then issued to a manufacturing order to build a higher level assembly or end item.  They are classed in many companies as work in process, even though they are held in a store.
 
[15]
Enas refaat:
In APICS it refers you to the term end item.  In addition there is a difinition for a finished goods inventory.  An end item is defined as a product sold as a completed item or repair part, any item subject to a customer  order or sales forecast.  Finished goods inventories is defined as those items on  which all manufacturing operations, including final test, have been completed.  These products are available for shipment to the customer as either end items or repair parts.
[16]
Enas refaat:
APICS defines distribution as the activities  associated with the movement of material, usually finished products or service parts, from the manufacturer to the customer.  These activities encompass the functions of trasportation, warehousing, inventory control, material handling, order administration site/location analysis, industrial packaging, data processing, and the comunication network necessary for effective management.
[17]
Enas refaat:
With the order point system the record cards or computer records are reviewed each time an issue is recorded and an order is placed when the predetermined order point is reached.  The order point is calculated as forecast demand during lead time plus safty stock.  the order quantity is a predetermined quantity and may be calculated using the EOQ
[18]
Enas refaat:
joint replenishement is defined as : coordinating the lot sizing and order release decision for related items and trating them as a family of items.  The objective is to achive lower costs due to ordering, set-up, shipping, and quantity discount economics.  Applies equally to joint ordering (family contracts) and to composite part (group technology) fabrication sceduling.
[19]
Enas refaat:
MRP logic follows a series of questions.  MRP starts with the MPS orders and then checks stock to see if sufficient are available.  If the answer is yes, it says fine and ges on to the next item.  If the answer is no, it then asks is sufficient on order?. Again there are two choices. If the answer is no, it then says "we must plan an order to be received so we don't run out" but if the answer is yes, it then says "Is the order that is coming arriving at the correct time ?"      
[20]
ghannam:
Data entry through keyboards is becoming a major source to delay recording inventory movements.Bar code is becoming an essential requirements
[21]
Enas refaat:
ABC analysis or clasification is based on Pareto's Law and is often referred to a distribution by value.
For any given group, a small number of items in the group will account for the bulk of the total value.  This concept is called the "ABC classification  when applied to inventories.
[22]
Enas refaat:
It is a tecnique used to audit the accuracy of the inventory balances.  There are five inventory balances that should be considered :
- Raw Materila Stock Balance
- Purchase Order File
- Work-in-Process
- Shortage File
- Finished Goods stock Balance
Only if the accracy of these five inventory records are maintained will our system provide the service it is capable of.
[23]
Enas refaat:

1- EXESS Exess inventory is the quantity of material in stock or on order that is greater than the known of forecast requirement for an agreed time period. This period is often the MPS horizon.

2- Obsolete  Obsolete inventory is that for which there is no known or forecast requirement.  It can be that part has been replaced by a new item, or is left at the end of a model production run, a technology change, or one of many other causes.